Jian (治安) was a Japanese era name (年号,, nengō,, lit. "year name"), also known as Chi'an, after Kannin and before Manju. This period started in February 1021[1] and ended in July 1024.[2] The reigning emperor was Go-Ichijō-tennō (後一条天皇).[3]
- ↑ Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "Kannin" in Japan Encyclopedia, p. 474.
- ↑ Nussbaum. "Manjū" at p. 607.
- ↑ Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 156-159; Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 307-310; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 195-196.